Tuma

Tuma ruled the SkrallSkrallA black-armored warrior species from Spherus Magna that dominated northern Bara Magna under Tuma's rule. Empire from the Black Spike MountainsBlack Spike MountainsThe mountain range north of the Bara Magna desert that served as the Skrall homeland after the Shattering, became Baterra hunting ground, and was destroyed when the Mata Nui robot fell upon it. and later from RoxtusRoxtusThe largest Agori village on Bara Magna and the seat of Tuma's Skrall, Roxtus was the centre of the Empire of the Skrall until Mata Nui defeated Tuma in single combat., governing through fear, espionage, and forced labor. He was the last surviving leader-class SkrallSkrallA black-armored warrior species from Spherus Magna that dominated northern Bara Magna under Tuma's rule. after the BaterraBaterraMechanical shapeshifters built by the Great Beings to end the Core War by killing every armed combatant on Spherus Magna, and the failsafe that never shut them down. massacre of his caste, and he reorganized the survivors of the Rock TribeRock TribeThe dominant warrior civilization of Bara Magna, built on brutal expansion and ruled by Tuma until internal betrayal and the Skrall's defeat disbanded it. into a militarized regime aimed at conquest of southern Bara MagnaBara MagnaA desert world of tribal warfare and scarce resources, one of three landmasses that formed Spherus Magna.. He used MetusMetusMetus was a transformed Agori from Spherus Magna who worked as a Glatorian recruiter. Originally a member of the Ice Tribe, he later joined the Rock Tribe. White and ice blue in coloration, Metus wielded an Ice Axe and an Ice Shield. as an intelligence asset, coordinated indirectly with the Bone HuntersBone HunterDesert nomads of Bara Magna who raided for survival until their alliance with the Skrall nearly conquered the continent., and prepared for a war of subjugation against the GlatorianGlatorianTribal warriors of Spherus Magna who settled disputes through arena combat, until the Skrall conquest enslaved most of them. and AgoriAgoriThe villager species of Bara Magna, organised by tribe and settlement, who governed their villages and arranged the Glatorian arena system. villages. He was defeated in single combat by Mata NuiMata NuiBuilt by the Great Beings to restore Spherus Magna, Mata Nui sustained an entire civilisation inside his body, was deposed by Teridax, and reclaimed his purpose as a mortal on Bara Magna. during the closing days of the Reformation conflict and survived, exiled from his shattered empire.

Rise to command of the Rock Tribe#

Tuma began as a leader-class SkrallSkrallA black-armored warrior species from Spherus Magna that dominated northern Bara Magna under Tuma's rule. in the Black Spike MountainsBlack Spike MountainsThe mountain range north of the Bara Magna desert that served as the Skrall homeland after the Shattering, became Baterra hunting ground, and was destroyed when the Mata Nui robot fell upon it., part of a warrior caste that had ruled the volcanic north of Bara MagnaBara MagnaA desert world of tribal warfare and scarce resources, one of three landmasses that formed Spherus Magna. for millennia. The SkrallSkrallA black-armored warrior species from Spherus Magna that dominated northern Bara Magna under Tuma's rule. had maintained the Rock TribeRock TribeThe dominant warrior civilization of Bara Magna, built on brutal expansion and ruled by Tuma until internal betrayal and the Skrall's defeat disbanded it.'s security in that landscape since the Shattering divided Spherus MagnaSpherus MagnaA desert world of ancient conflict that became the merger point of the Matoran Universe and Bionicle's true endpoint.. Their isolation broke when the BaterraBaterraMechanical shapeshifters built by the Great Beings to end the Core War by killing every armed combatant on Spherus Magna, and the failsafe that never shut them down. emerged, a silent, shape-shifting enemy whose name translated from ancient SkrallSkrallA black-armored warrior species from Spherus Magna that dominated northern Bara Magna under Tuma's rule. as "silent death." The BaterraBaterraMechanical shapeshifters built by the Great Beings to end the Core War by killing every armed combatant on Spherus Magna, and the failsafe that never shut them down. struck without warning, killed with precision, and vanished. SkrallSkrallA black-armored warrior species from Spherus Magna that dominated northern Bara Magna under Tuma's rule. warriors fell in great numbers, and Tuma's leadership class fell with them. He alone survived.

Tuma rallied the remaining SkrallSkrallA black-armored warrior species from Spherus Magna that dominated northern Bara Magna under Tuma's rule. and Rock TribeRock TribeThe dominant warrior civilization of Bara Magna, built on brutal expansion and ruled by Tuma until internal betrayal and the Skrall's defeat disbanded it. AgoriAgoriThe villager species of Bara Magna, organised by tribe and settlement, who governed their villages and arranged the Glatorian arena system. and led them south through the Black Spikes into the open wastes. The old empire was finished; a new one had to be built quickly. The migration founded RoxtusRoxtusThe largest Agori village on Bara Magna and the seat of Tuma's Skrall, Roxtus was the centre of the Empire of the Skrall until Mata Nui defeated Tuma in single combat., the largest village on Bara MagnaBara MagnaA desert world of tribal warfare and scarce resources, one of three landmasses that formed Spherus Magna., and Tuma directed early planning toward further expansion. He regarded the GlatorianGlatorianTribal warriors of Spherus Magna who settled disputes through arena combat, until the Skrall conquest enslaved most of them. and AgoriAgoriThe villager species of Bara Magna, organised by tribe and settlement, who governed their villages and arranged the Glatorian arena system. villages as fragmented and exploitable. His doctrine was to strike before the BaterraBaterraMechanical shapeshifters built by the Great Beings to end the Core War by killing every armed combatant on Spherus Magna, and the failsafe that never shut them down. could pursue, seize the south, and dominate before opposition could organize.

Internal threats accompanied the consolidation. One SkrallSkrallA black-armored warrior species from Spherus Magna that dominated northern Bara Magna under Tuma's rule. traitor seated himself on Tuma's throne and declared the two were now partners in conquering "this pile of sand." Tuma's response weighed the interests of his people against personal satisfaction and warned that the line between the two could shift. The exchange marked the boundary of his self-restraint as ruler: useful, but contingent on his judgement of necessity.

The regime in RoxtusRoxtusThe largest Agori village on Bara Magna and the seat of Tuma's Skrall, Roxtus was the centre of the Empire of the Skrall until Mata Nui defeated Tuma in single combat.#

Tuma's ambition extended beyond the Black Spike MountainsBlack Spike MountainsThe mountain range north of the Bara Magna desert that served as the Skrall homeland after the Shattering, became Baterra hunting ground, and was destroyed when the Mata Nui robot fell upon it. to all of Bara MagnaBara MagnaA desert world of tribal warfare and scarce resources, one of three landmasses that formed Spherus Magna.. After the BaterraBaterraMechanical shapeshifters built by the Great Beings to end the Core War by killing every armed combatant on Spherus Magna, and the failsafe that never shut them down. massacre, he led the SkrallSkrallA black-armored warrior species from Spherus Magna that dominated northern Bara Magna under Tuma's rule. and Rock AgoriAgoriThe villager species of Bara Magna, organised by tribe and settlement, who governed their villages and arranged the Glatorian arena system. south to RoxtusRoxtusThe largest Agori village on Bara Magna and the seat of Tuma's Skrall, Roxtus was the centre of the Empire of the Skrall until Mata Nui defeated Tuma in single combat. and converted the village into a war machine. The city operated continuously. SkrallSkrallA black-armored warrior species from Spherus Magna that dominated northern Bara Magna under Tuma's rule. patrols circulated through the night while AgoriAgoriThe villager species of Bara Magna, organised by tribe and settlement, who governed their villages and arranged the Glatorian arena system. prisoners built walls, repaired weapons, and maintained armor. The pace did not slow. Tuma intended that resistance be impossible by the time he chose to move.

His expansion relied as much on subterfuge as on force. MetusMetusMetus was a transformed Agori from Spherus Magna who worked as a Glatorian recruiter. Originally a member of the Ice Tribe, he later joined the Rock Tribe. White and ice blue in coloration, Metus wielded an Ice Axe and an Ice Shield., an Ice AgoriAgoriThe villager species of Bara Magna, organised by tribe and settlement, who governed their villages and arranged the Glatorian arena system. banished from TesaraTesaraTesara is a location belonging to the Jungle Tribe, situated to the south of the White Quartz Mountains and to the north of the Dunes of Treason., supplied intelligence on village defenses and GlatorianGlatorianTribal warriors of Spherus Magna who settled disputes through arena combat, until the Skrall conquest enslaved most of them. capabilities and negotiated with the Bone HuntersBone HunterDesert nomads of Bara Magna who raided for survival until their alliance with the Skrall nearly conquered the continent.. Tuma knew the Bone HunterBone HunterDesert nomads of Bara Magna who raided for survival until their alliance with the Skrall nearly conquered the continent. raids on TajunTajunTajun was a village of the Water Tribe, situated on the banks of the Skrall River. and VulcanusVulcanusThe Fire Tribe's settlement on Bara Magna, caught between resources and threats. had isolated those villages. When MetusMetusMetus was a transformed Agori from Spherus Magna who worked as a Glatorian recruiter. Originally a member of the Ice Tribe, he later joined the Rock Tribe. White and ice blue in coloration, Metus wielded an Ice Axe and an Ice Shield. claimed he could deliver the secret to defeating the BaterraBaterraMechanical shapeshifters built by the Great Beings to end the Core War by killing every armed combatant on Spherus Magna, and the failsafe that never shut them down., Tuma did not trust the claim. He kept MetusMetusMetus was a transformed Agori from Spherus Magna who worked as a Glatorian recruiter. Originally a member of the Ice Tribe, he later joined the Rock Tribe. White and ice blue in coloration, Metus wielded an Ice Axe and an Ice Shield. close as a tool, not an ally. He intended that, once the war ended, MetusMetusMetus was a transformed Agori from Spherus Magna who worked as a Glatorian recruiter. Originally a member of the Ice Tribe, he later joined the Rock Tribe. White and ice blue in coloration, Metus wielded an Ice Axe and an Ice Shield.' usefulness, and his life, would end with it.

The Bone HuntersBone HunterDesert nomads of Bara Magna who raided for survival until their alliance with the Skrall nearly conquered the continent. suited the strategy. They were not loyal but they were predictable, motivated by profit rather than territory. When a SkrallSkrallA black-armored warrior species from Spherus Magna that dominated northern Bara Magna under Tuma's rule. warrior delivered a copied Bone HunterBone HunterDesert nomads of Bara Magna who raided for survival until their alliance with the Skrall nearly conquered the continent. battle plan, Tuma read it and recognized that MetusMetusMetus was a transformed Agori from Spherus Magna who worked as a Glatorian recruiter. Originally a member of the Ice Tribe, he later joined the Rock Tribe. White and ice blue in coloration, Metus wielded an Ice Axe and an Ice Shield.' brokering guaranteed the raids would proceed. The Bone HuntersBone HunterDesert nomads of Bara Magna who raided for survival until their alliance with the Skrall nearly conquered the continent. would weaken the southern tribes, the SkrallSkrallA black-armored warrior species from Spherus Magna that dominated northern Bara Magna under Tuma's rule. would move once resistance had collapsed, and no two-front war would develop. Captive GlatorianGlatorianTribal warriors of Spherus Magna who settled disputes through arena combat, until the Skrall conquest enslaved most of them. and VoroxVoroxThe warrior caste of the Sand Tribe, reduced to feral pack hunters in the wastes of Bara Magna after the collapse of their civilisation in the Core War. delivered by the Bone HuntersBone HunterDesert nomads of Bara Magna who raided for survival until their alliance with the Skrall nearly conquered the continent. served as intelligence assets, gauges of enemy strength. Failure or deception within RoxtusRoxtusThe largest Agori village on Bara Magna and the seat of Tuma's Skrall, Roxtus was the centre of the Empire of the Skrall until Mata Nui defeated Tuma in single combat. earned the offender a place on the city's walls.

Paranoia and discipline#

In the accounts preserved in Empire of the SkrallThe Skrall Conquest of Bara MagnaThe year of consolidation in which Tuma turned the Roxtus garrison into a continental military power, struck a covert alliance with the Bone Hunters, and set the southern villages on the road to the Battle of Roxtus., Tuma slept poorly and woke alert, scanning the night sky over Bara MagnaBara MagnaA desert world of tribal warfare and scarce resources, one of three landmasses that formed Spherus Magna. as if expecting attack. His identity had been formed in conquest and forward motion, but the BaterraBaterraMechanical shapeshifters built by the Great Beings to end the Core War by killing every armed combatant on Spherus Magna, and the failsafe that never shut them down. losses had altered him. From that point onward, he commanded not a tribe but a permanent war footing built around the expectation of further attack.

Paranoia became policy. Patrols ranged constantly, both to extend territory and to detect threats early. When one patrol failed to recover the book of CertavusCertavusCertavus was a Prime Glatorian of Iconox, a Great Tournament champion, and one of three architects of the post-Shattering arena system on Bara Magna. from the western ruins, Tuma did not grant a second attempt. The patrol was reassigned to feed the two-headed SpikitSpikitA two-headed desert creature used as a draft animal across post-Shattering Bara Magna, valued for strength and endurance and feared for its appetite., a duty whose outcome was understood: the feeders inevitably wound up among the food. The punishment doubled as instruction. Failure under Tuma carried public, painful consequences.

The empire ran on a cycle of threat, retaliation, and internal policing. Warriors such as BranarBranarThe Skrall warrior who survived a Baterra ambush in the Black Spike Mountains, earned his name under Tuma, scouted the southern advance, and fought the Empire's last battle at Roxtus. grumbled about pointless assignments in the heat, but they recognized that the orders traced back to firsthand experience with the BaterraBaterraMechanical shapeshifters built by the Great Beings to end the Core War by killing every armed combatant on Spherus Magna, and the failsafe that never shut them down.. When MalumMalumFire Tribe Glatorian exiled from Vulcanus for arena killings, who became the warlord of a Vorox pack in the wastelands of Bara Magna. was dragged from under rubble to face "Tuma's justice," the spectacle was the point. As long as the VoroxVoroxThe warrior caste of the Sand Tribe, reduced to feral pack hunters in the wastes of Bara Magna after the collapse of their civilisation in the Core War., the BaterraBaterraMechanical shapeshifters built by the Great Beings to end the Core War by killing every armed combatant on Spherus Magna, and the failsafe that never shut them down., or any distant movement supplied a pretext, Tuma maintained the regime's tempo.

Defeat by Mata Nui#

Tuma's rule over the Rock TribeRock TribeThe dominant warrior civilization of Bara Magna, built on brutal expansion and ruled by Tuma until internal betrayal and the Skrall's defeat disbanded it. and the SkrallSkrallA black-armored warrior species from Spherus Magna that dominated northern Bara Magna under Tuma's rule. Empire ended in a single combat. During the final phase of the conflict that preceded the Reformation of Spherus MagnaSpherus MagnaA desert world of ancient conflict that became the merger point of the Matoran Universe and Bionicle's true endpoint., Mata NuiMata NuiBuilt by the Great Beings to restore Spherus Magna, Mata Nui sustained an entire civilisation inside his body, was deposed by Teridax, and reclaimed his purpose as a mortal on Bara Magna. confronted Tuma directly. As the last surviving leader-class SkrallSkrallA black-armored warrior species from Spherus Magna that dominated northern Bara Magna under Tuma's rule. and self-proclaimed ruler of RoxtusRoxtusThe largest Agori village on Bara Magna and the seat of Tuma's Skrall, Roxtus was the centre of the Empire of the Skrall until Mata Nui defeated Tuma in single combat., Tuma stood among the most powerful warlords on Bara MagnaBara MagnaA desert world of tribal warfare and scarce resources, one of three landmasses that formed Spherus Magna.. The records of his regime in Empire of the SkrallThe Skrall Conquest of Bara MagnaThe year of consolidation in which Tuma turned the Roxtus garrison into a continental military power, struck a covert alliance with the Bone Hunters, and set the southern villages on the road to the Battle of Roxtus. describe his rule as one of fear, precision, and the absence of mercy: patrols ranged the wastes capturing GlatorianGlatorianTribal warriors of Spherus Magna who settled disputes through arena combat, until the Skrall conquest enslaved most of them. and AgoriAgoriThe villager species of Bara Magna, organised by tribe and settlement, who governed their villages and arranged the Glatorian arena system., the Bone HuntersBone HunterDesert nomads of Bara Magna who raided for survival until their alliance with the Skrall nearly conquered the continent. traded with RoxtusRoxtusThe largest Agori village on Bara Magna and the seat of Tuma's Skrall, Roxtus was the centre of the Empire of the Skrall until Mata Nui defeated Tuma in single combat., and disloyal warriors faced public execution. None of it equipped him for Mata NuiMata NuiBuilt by the Great Beings to restore Spherus Magna, Mata Nui sustained an entire civilisation inside his body, was deposed by Teridax, and reclaimed his purpose as a mortal on Bara Magna..

The two fought one against one, and Mata NuiMata NuiBuilt by the Great Beings to restore Spherus Magna, Mata Nui sustained an entire civilisation inside his body, was deposed by Teridax, and reclaimed his purpose as a mortal on Bara Magna. won decisively. Tuma's defeat collapsed his authority. The SkrallSkrallA black-armored warrior species from Spherus Magna that dominated northern Bara Magna under Tuma's rule. had built their power on dominance, and Tuma had ruled at its top through brute strength and the threat of lethal enforcement. With that broken, the empire fractured. RoxtusRoxtusThe largest Agori village on Bara Magna and the seat of Tuma's Skrall, Roxtus was the centre of the Empire of the Skrall until Mata Nui defeated Tuma in single combat. lost its hold over the enslaved AgoriAgoriThe villager species of Bara Magna, organised by tribe and settlement, who governed their villages and arranged the Glatorian arena system. within a short period, and SkrallSkrallA black-armored warrior species from Spherus Magna that dominated northern Bara Magna under Tuma's rule. supremacy on Bara MagnaBara MagnaA desert world of tribal warfare and scarce resources, one of three landmasses that formed Spherus Magna. ended.

Tuma survived the encounter. He was not killed but exiled, stripped of his dominion. Mata NuiMata NuiBuilt by the Great Beings to restore Spherus Magna, Mata Nui sustained an entire civilisation inside his body, was deposed by Teridax, and reclaimed his purpose as a mortal on Bara Magna.'s objective in the conflict was restoration rather than execution, and the broken warlord was deemed containable once his power base was gone. The empire dissolved, the Rock TribeRock TribeThe dominant warrior civilization of Bara Magna, built on brutal expansion and ruled by Tuma until internal betrayal and the Skrall's defeat disbanded it. scattered, and Tuma's name receded from the politics of Bara MagnaBara MagnaA desert world of tribal warfare and scarce resources, one of three landmasses that formed Spherus Magna..

Weapons and tactics#

Tuma did not possess elemental powers or wear a KanohiKanohiMasks that grant powers and sustain life, they're the most vital artifact in the Matoran Universe.. As a SkrallSkrallA black-armored warrior species from Spherus Magna that dominated northern Bara Magna under Tuma's rule., he fought with steel, thornax, and tactical discipline. His principal weapons were a sword and a ThornaxThornaxThornax was a hardy desert fruit native to Bara Magna, eaten unripe as stew and fired ripe from launchers across Glatorian and Skrall ranks. launcher, both well suited to combat in the Bara MagnaBara MagnaA desert world of tribal warfare and scarce resources, one of three landmasses that formed Spherus Magna. wastes. In the events of Empire of the SkrallThe Skrall Conquest of Bara MagnaThe year of consolidation in which Tuma turned the Roxtus garrison into a continental military power, struck a covert alliance with the Bone Hunters, and set the southern villages on the road to the Battle of Roxtus., he drew his sword when outnumbered by BaterraBaterraMechanical shapeshifters built by the Great Beings to end the Core War by killing every armed combatant on Spherus Magna, and the failsafe that never shut them down. after losing his launcher to injury, indicating his refusal to surrender even when disarmed.

What distinguished him from other SkrallSkrallA black-armored warrior species from Spherus Magna that dominated northern Bara Magna under Tuma's rule. was his tactical discipline. When a patrol returned without trophies from a fight, he did not accept their account at face value but pressed for the truth, demanding to know why the crimson warrior's armor and sword were not among the gear. He recognized MalumMalumFire Tribe Glatorian exiled from Vulcanus for arena killings, who became the warlord of a Vorox pack in the wastelands of Bara Magna.'s involvement and understood the renegade GlatorianGlatorianTribal warriors of Spherus Magna who settled disputes through arena combat, until the Skrall conquest enslaved most of them. as both a threat and a potential asset. He treated battle as a problem of information and pressure, not only of force.

His preferred methods were ambush and psychological coercion. The SkrallSkrallA black-armored warrior species from Spherus Magna that dominated northern Bara Magna under Tuma's rule. under his command isolated villages such as TajunTajunTajun was a village of the Water Tribe, situated on the banks of the Skrall River., struck from cover, and withdrew into the sand. RoxtusRoxtusThe largest Agori village on Bara Magna and the seat of Tuma's Skrall, Roxtus was the centre of the Empire of the Skrall until Mata Nui defeated Tuma in single combat. ran on continuous motion, with patrols moving and AgoriAgoriThe villager species of Bara Magna, organised by tribe and settlement, who governed their villages and arranged the Glatorian arena system. prisoners repairing weapons without rest, and dissent earned a promise that the offender's head would decorate the city walls. The warning to MetusMetusMetus was a transformed Agori from Spherus Magna who worked as a Glatorian recruiter. Originally a member of the Ice Tribe, he later joined the Rock Tribe. White and ice blue in coloration, Metus wielded an Ice Axe and an Ice Shield. that pushing too far might cause Tuma to favor satisfaction over the interests of his people was deliberate intimidation, intended to keep an unreliable subordinate compliant.

His lack of elemental abilities required him to outthink opponents who possessed them. He could not move stone or summon storms as a GlatorianGlatorianTribal warriors of Spherus Magna who settled disputes through arena combat, until the Skrall conquest enslaved most of them. might. He planned, gathered intelligence, and exploited weakness. When VoroxVoroxThe warrior caste of the Sand Tribe, reduced to feral pack hunters in the wastes of Bara Magna after the collapse of their civilisation in the Core War. were torn apart by unseen attackers during a BaterraBaterraMechanical shapeshifters built by the Great Beings to end the Core War by killing every armed combatant on Spherus Magna, and the failsafe that never shut them down. encounter, he took high ground with his launcher ready and scanned the field. His survival and his command came from adaptability rather than inherent power.

End of an era#

Tuma was the last of the leader-class SkrallSkrallA black-armored warrior species from Spherus Magna that dominated northern Bara Magna under Tuma's rule., the final holdout of a hierarchy that had ruled Bara MagnaBara MagnaA desert world of tribal warfare and scarce resources, one of three landmasses that formed Spherus Magna. by force. The rest of his caste had been killed by the BaterraBaterraMechanical shapeshifters built by the Great Beings to end the Core War by killing every armed combatant on Spherus Magna, and the failsafe that never shut them down.. He survived through chance as much as skill, and he inherited command by attrition. The records of his regime note that the rest of his kind died "by the score," leaving him alone to gather the remnants.

Once installed in power, he held to dominance as his only doctrine. Instead of seeking accommodation, he pushed the SkrallSkrallA black-armored warrior species from Spherus Magna that dominated northern Bara Magna under Tuma's rule. south through the Black Spikes with the Rock AgoriAgoriThe villager species of Bara Magna, organised by tribe and settlement, who governed their villages and arranged the Glatorian arena system. in tow. He regarded Mata NuiMata NuiBuilt by the Great Beings to restore Spherus Magna, Mata Nui sustained an entire civilisation inside his body, was deposed by Teridax, and reclaimed his purpose as a mortal on Bara Magna. as a means of extracting the Great BeingsThe Great BeingsScholar-inventors of Spherus Magna whose creations shaped the Matoran Universe and whose absence defined the conflicts that followed.' secrets, and his bargaining with MetusMetusMetus was a transformed Agori from Spherus Magna who worked as a Glatorian recruiter. Originally a member of the Ice Tribe, he later joined the Rock Tribe. White and ice blue in coloration, Metus wielded an Ice Axe and an Ice Shield. carried open threat. His statement that pressing too far might cause him to forget what served his people in favor of what would be "most satisfying" to himself defined his political method.

Tuma did not reform after his defeat. He sought no reconciliation and offered no regret. He was the final figure of an order built on conquest, and his exile sealed the end of that order. The reformed Spherus MagnaSpherus MagnaA desert world of ancient conflict that became the merger point of the Matoran Universe and Bionicle's true endpoint. required cooperation among its tribes, and the SkrallSkrallA black-armored warrior species from Spherus Magna that dominated northern Bara Magna under Tuma's rule. Empire he had built had no place in it. The remnants of the Rock TribeRock TribeThe dominant warrior civilization of Bara Magna, built on brutal expansion and ruled by Tuma until internal betrayal and the Skrall's defeat disbanded it. integrated under new arrangements, and Tuma's name passed out of common reference.